Constance Markievicz: The First Female Member of Parliament

Constance Gore-Booth (1868-1927), a leading figure in the Irish Revolution and a prominent campaigner for women’s suffrage, was the first woman elected to Westminster. The eldest of five children, Constance came from a privileged, upper-class Irish Protestant family. Prior to embarking on her political career, Constance studied art in London and Paris. In Paris, she … Read more

Arson or Petitions? The Women’s Freedom League and the campaign for the vote

When we think of women campaigning for the vote we tend to think of the Suffragettes, those organised by the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) led by the redoubtable Emmeline Pankhurst. We may also think of the Suffragists, women who campaigned for the vote within the bounds of the law. These women were principally … Read more

Royal Holloway’s Society for Equal Citizenship

Since its opening in 1886, Royal Holloway College has had many student-led societies for sport, politics and other interests. In the 1920s, the College had an active Society for Equal Citizenship, which was a feminist group affiliated with the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship (NUSEC). The organisation formerly known as the National Union … Read more

The ideological divide in interwar Feminism

Following the 1918 Representation of the People Act the organisation formerly known as the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) transformed into the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship (NUSEC). Despite their main object ‘to secure a real equality of liberties, status and opportunities between men and women’ there was tension and disagreement … Read more